Introduction to Maraviroc Tablet (Axentri)

Maraviroc, marketed under the brand name "Axentri," is a prescription medication used for the treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection. It belongs to a class of drugs known as CCR5 antagonists, which work by blocking the CCR5 co-receptor on the surface of certain immune cells. This action prevents the entry of the HIV virus into these cells, thereby inhibiting the virus from replicating and spreading throughout the body. Selzentry is another brand name for the drug Maraviroc. It is the same medication, with the same active ingredient, dosage, and indications for use. The choice between "Axentri" and "Selzentry" may depend on regional availability and marketing preferences. Both brands provide the same therapeutic benefits and are used for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in appropriate patients.

Maraviroc was first approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2007 and has since become an essential component of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for specific cases of HIV infection. It is crucial to note that Maraviroc should only be used in combination with other antiretroviral drugs as part of a comprehensive treatment regimen.

Dosage Information:

The dosage of Maraviroc may vary depending on individual factors, such as the patient's age, weight, overall health, and the presence of any other medical conditions. It is essential to follow the prescribing physician's instructions carefully and adhere to the recommended dosage schedule. Typically, the standard adult dosage of Maraviroc is 300 mg taken orally twice daily. It is essential to maintain a consistent dosing schedule to ensure the medication's effectiveness. Maraviroc can be taken with or without food, but it is essential to avoid skipping doses or altering the dosage without medical supervision. For pediatric patients or individuals with liver or kidney impairments, the dosage may differ, and it is essential to consult a healthcare professional for appropriate dosing guidance.

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Some of the important Safety Advice to be taken while using Axentri Tablet (Maraviroc)

Life-Saving Drug: Maraviroc is a life-saving medication used in the treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection. It plays a crucial role in inhibiting viral replication and slowing down the progression of the disease. As a Life-saving drug, it is essential for patients to take Maraviroc consistently and as prescribed by their healthcare provider to achieve the best treatment outcomes.
Prescription Only: Maraviroc/Selzentry is a prescription medication, and it should only be used under the supervision of a qualified healthcare professional experienced in HIV management. The healthcare provider will evaluate the patient's medical history, conduct necessary tests, and determine the suitability of Maraviroc for each individual's condition.
CCR5-Tropic HIV-1 Infection: Maraviroc is specifically indicated for patients with CCR5-tropic HIV-1 virus, as determined by a tropism assay. It should not be used in patients with dual/mixed or CXCR4-tropic HIV-1 virus, as the drug may not be effective in such cases.
Allergy and Hypersensitivity: Patients with known hypersensitivity or allergy to Maraviroc or any of its components should avoid using this medication. It is essential to inform the healthcare provider about any previous drug allergies or adverse reactions before starting Maraviroc.
Liver and Kidney Impairment: Maraviroc is metabolized primarily in the liver, and its elimination can be affected in patients with moderate to severe hepatic impairment. It is crucial for individuals with liver problems to undergo careful monitoring and dose adjustments as necessary. Similarly, individuals with severe kidney impairment should also be monitored closely during Maraviroc therapy.
Cardiovascular Risks: Maraviroc may lead to potential cardiovascular events, especially in patients with pre-existing heart conditions or risk factors. It is essential for healthcare providers to assess the patient's cardiovascular health before initiating Maraviroc treatment.
Immunological Reconstitution Syndrome: In some HIV-infected patients with advanced immunosuppression, signs and symptoms of inflammation from prior opportunistic infections may occur shortly after starting antiretroviral therapy, including Maraviroc. This phenomenon is known as Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS). Patients should be monitored closely for any signs of IRIS during the initial phase of treatment.

Key Functions Must Be Noticed of Maraviroc Tablet (Axentri)

Treatment of HIV Infection: Maraviroc is primarily used as a part of combination antiretroviral therapy for the treatment of HIV-1 infection. It is specifically indicated for patients whose HIV-1 virus is CCR5-tropic only, as determined by a tropism assay. The drug should not be used in individuals with dual/mixed or CXCR4-tropic HIV-1 virus.
Treatment-Experienced Patients: Maraviroc may be prescribed to patients who have failed previous antiretroviral treatments or have developed resistance to other classes of antiretroviral drugs. When used in combination with other HIV medications, Maraviroc can help control the viral load and improve immune function.
Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP): In certain cases, Maraviroc may be considered for post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) after potential exposure to HIV. However, it is vital to initiate PEP as soon as possible, within hours of exposure, and under the supervision of a healthcare provider.
Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP): Although not a first-line option, Maraviroc has been studied for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to reduce the risk of HIV transmission in high-risk individuals. However, other medications are currently more commonly used for PrEP.

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Some of the secondary Effects of Maraviroc Tablet (Axentri)

Common Side Effects: The use of Maraviroc may lead to common side effects, including cough, dizziness, headache, fatigue, rash, abdominal pain, and nausea. These side effects are generally mild and tend to resolve on their own. However, if they persist or worsen, patients should inform their healthcare provider.

Serious Side Effects: While rare, Maraviroc/Selzentry may cause severe and life-threatening side effects. These include severe skin reactions (Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis), liver problems (elevated liver enzymes or hepatotoxicity), and severe allergic reactions. Patients experiencing symptoms like severe rash, yellowing of the skin or eyes, dark urine, or difficulty breathing should seek immediate medical attention.

Immune Reconstitution Syndrome: As mentioned earlier, some patients may experience an inflammatory response to previously acquired infections when starting antiretroviral therapy, including Maraviroc. This immune reconstitution syndrome requires close monitoring and appropriate management.

Frequently Asked Queries About Axentri Tablet (Maraviroc)

Can Maraviroc be used as a stand-alone treatment for HIV?

No, Maraviroc (Axentri/Selzentry) is not recommended as a monotherapy for HIV treatment. It should always be used in combination with other antiretroviral medications. This combination therapy is essential to suppress the HIV virus effectively, reduce viral load, and improve the immune system's function. Using Maraviroc alone may not be sufficient to control the infection and could lead to the development of drug resistance.

Are there any specific dietary restrictions while taking Maraviroc?

There are no specific dietary restrictions associated with Maraviroc. However, it is essential to maintain a healthy and balanced diet to support overall well-being and immune function. Some antiretroviral medications may require taking with or without food, but Maraviroc can be taken with or without meals. Patients are encouraged to follow their healthcare provider's advice on diet, nutrition, and the appropriate timing of medication administration.

Can Maraviroc prevent the transmission of HIV during sexual intercourse?

No, Maraviroc is not approved or recommended for use as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to prevent HIV transmission during sexual activity. While some antiretroviral drugs are used for PrEP, Maraviroc is primarily indicated for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in specific cases. Individuals at high risk of HIV exposure should explore other appropriate PrEP options and consult their healthcare provider for personalized advice.

Is it safe to drive or operate heavy machinery while taking Maraviroc?

Maraviroc may cause dizziness as a side effect, although it is not common. Patients should exercise caution when performing activities that require mental alertness, such as driving or operating machinery. If dizziness occurs, it is advisable to avoid these activities until the symptoms subside. Patients should report any persistent or severe side effects to their healthcare provider for further evaluation and guidance.

Can Maraviroc interact with herbal supplements or recreational drugs?

Maraviroc can interact with other medications and substances, including herbal supplements and recreational drugs. Patients must disclose their complete medical history and any substance use to their healthcare provider before starting Maraviroc. Some substances may affect Maraviroc's effectiveness or increase the risk of side effects. It is essential to avoid the use of recreational drugs and consult a healthcare provider regarding the safety of combining Maraviroc with herbal supplements or any other medications.

Primary Drug Interconnections with Axentri Tablet (Maraviroc)

CYP3A Inhibitors and Inducers: Maraviroc is metabolized by the liver enzyme CYP3A4. Drugs that inhibit or induce this enzyme may alter Maraviroc's plasma concentrations. Concomitant use of strong CYP3A inhibitors, such as ketoconazole or ritonavir, should be avoided or used with caution, and dose adjustments may be necessary. Conversely, strong CYP3A inducers, like rifampicin or St. John's Wort, may decrease Maraviroc levels and efficacy.
Other Antiretroviral Drugs: Maraviroc/Selzentry is often used in combination with other antiretroviral medications to suppress HIV replication effectively. Healthcare providers must carefully assess potential drug interactions between Maraviroc and other HIV drugs to avoid adverse effects or reduced effectiveness.
Acid-Reducing Agents: Medications that reduce stomach acid, such as antacids, H2 blockers, and proton pump inhibitors, may decrease Maraviroc absorption. It is recommended to take Maraviroc at least two hours before or one hour after taking such acid-reducing agents.
Drugs Metabolized by CYP3A4: Maraviroc may affect the metabolism of other medications that are substrates of CYP3A4. Co-administration of Maraviroc with these drugs may require dose adjustments or monitoring for potential drug interactions.
Other Medications: Inform the healthcare provider about all prescription, over-the-counter, and herbal medications being taken, as well as any history of drug abuse or alcohol consumption. Certain substances may interact with Maraviroc and affect its efficacy or safety.