Type 2 Diabetes: Body stops responding to insulin

Type 2 Diabetes is a chronic condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It is caused by the body's inability to produce or properly use insulin, a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels. Insulin resistance and inadequate insulin secretion are two key factors that lead to the development of type 2 diabetes. Over time, high blood sugar levels can cause a range of health problems, including heart disease, stroke, kidney disease, and nerve damage.

In type 2 diabetes, the body stops responding to insulin effectively, which results in elevated blood sugar levels. The pancreas, which produces insulin, continues to produce insulin, but the body is unable to use it effectively. This is known as insulin resistance. As a result, the pancreas has to work harder to produce more insulin, and eventually, the pancreas becomes unable to keep up with the demand, leading to a deficiency of insulin in the body.

The exact cause of insulin resistance is not known, but it is thought to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors, including obesity, lack of physical activity, a diet high in refined carbohydrates and fats, and a family history of diabetes.

Diagnosis of type 2 diabetes is typically based on the results of a fasting blood glucose test, an oral glucose tolerance test, or an A1C test, which measures average blood glucose levels over the past two to three months.

Treatment for type 2 diabetes typically involves lifestyle changes, such as losing weight, increasing physical activity, and eating a healthy diet. Medications, such as metformin, sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, and DPP-4 inhibitors, may also be prescribed to help lower blood sugar levels. In some cases, insulin therapy may also be necessary.

It is important for people with type 2 diabetes to work closely with their healthcare provider to monitor their blood sugar levels and make any necessary adjustments to their treatment plan. Regular check-ups with a healthcare provider, including eye and foot exams, can help prevent or manage potential complications from type 2 diabetes.

In conclusion, type 2 diabetes occurs when the body stops responding to insulin effectively, leading to elevated blood sugar levels. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to managing the condition and reducing the risk of long-term complications. Making lifestyle changes and working closely with a healthcare provider can help people with type 2 diabetes effectively manage their condition and lead a healthy and fulfilling life.